Periodontal Disease  
Periodontal disease is the major cause of tooth loss in adults. Mainly caused by plaque, it is usually painless. Regular dental visits are essential to timely diagnosis and treatment.

Early and moderate periodontal disease may exhibit few, if any, symptoms. Warning signs of advanced periodontal disease may include red, swollen or bleeding gums; persistent bad breath; permanent teeth that are loose or separating; changes in the way your teeth fit together when you bite.

There are many forms and stages of periodontal disease. The most common are:

Gingivitis is mild inflammation of the gums caused by plaque build-up. Gums may bleed upon probing. An anti-microbial mouth rinse may be prescribed.
 
 
Periodontitis If left untreated, the gum infection damages the bone and supporting tissues. Your gum separates from the tooth and the bone level deteriorates.
 
 
Advanced Periodontitis Your gums recede farther and separate. Pus may develop; bone loss continues, and your teeth may loosen or fall out.
 

Treatments

Your dentist will examine you for periodontal disease during each routine checkup. A periodontal probe will be used to determine if there is any breakdown in the gum tissue and attachment or if pockets have developed between your gums and teeth.

Treatment will depend upon the type of periodontal disease and how far the condition has progressed.

Treatment options include:
 
 

Scaling, which cleans the teeth to remove tartar deposits above and below the gumline.
 
 
Root Planing smoothes the rough root surfaces, as well as removing tartar deposits below the gumline. Local anesthesia may be used for your comfort.
 
 
Oral Irrigation directs anti-microbial (anti-plaque) liquid below the gumline to flush out and kill germs to allow the regeneration of healthy tissue.

If deep pockets are found and bone has been destroyed, your dentist may recommend periodontal surgery.

A proper program of brushing, flossing and regular professional cleanings will help fight plaque accumulation and gum disease, and help you keep your teeth for a lifetime.

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