Periodontal
Disease
Periodontal
disease is the major cause of tooth loss in adults. Mainly caused
by plaque, it is usually painless. Regular dental visits are essential
to timely diagnosis and treatment.
Early and moderate periodontal
disease may exhibit few, if any, symptoms. Warning signs of advanced
periodontal disease may include red, swollen or bleeding gums; persistent
bad breath; permanent teeth that are loose or separating; changes in the
way your teeth fit together when you bite.
There
are many forms and stages of periodontal disease. The most common are:
Gingivitis
is mild inflammation of the gums caused by plaque build-up. Gums
may bleed upon probing. An anti-microbial mouth rinse may be prescribed.
Periodontitis
If left untreated, the gum infection damages the
bone and supporting tissues. Your gum separates from the tooth and the
bone level deteriorates.
Advanced
Periodontitis Your gums recede farther and separate. Pus may develop;
bone loss continues, and your teeth may loosen or fall out.
Treatments
Your dentist will examine you
for periodontal disease during each routine checkup. A periodontal probe
will be used to determine if there is any breakdown in the gum tissue and
attachment or if pockets have developed between your gums and teeth.
Treatment will depend upon
the type of periodontal disease and how far the condition has progressed.
Treatment
options include:
Scaling,
which cleans the teeth to remove tartar deposits above and below
the gumline.
Root
Planing smoothes the rough root surfaces, as well as removing tartar
deposits below the gumline. Local anesthesia may be used for your comfort.
Oral
Irrigation directs anti-microbial (anti-plaque) liquid below the
gumline to flush out and kill germs to allow the regeneration of healthy
tissue.
If deep pockets are found
and bone has been destroyed, your dentist may recommend periodontal surgery.
A proper program of brushing,
flossing and regular professional cleanings will help fight plaque accumulation
and gum disease, and help you keep your teeth for a lifetime.
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